The use of directional arrays in FM broadcasting has increased greatly in 30 years. Especially in the NCE reserved band, a DA can increase the operating power of a station significantly while still ...

The authors are president and vice president, respectively, of Communications Technologies Inc., a consultancy in Marlton, N.J. Fig. 1: Measured vertical (purple) and horizontal (blue) field strength ...

An overview of antenna design considerations is presented. The design considerations include system requirements, antenna selection, antenna placement, antenna element design/simulation, and antenna ...

Editor's note: To view a PDF version of this article, click here. Propagating radio waves all begin and end with the same component: the antenna. This month and next, I will highlight communication's ...

Written by Joseph Darlington, P.E. When building any radio system, the scarcest and most precious system component is not the radios, the antennas nor the towers, but available “clean” radio channels ...