Discover how factor income, from rents, wages, and profits, impacts GDP and GNP. Learn its role in income distribution and ...

Vertical marketing is a system where a single firm owns or controls all factors of distribution. A single conglomerate controls the retailers, distributors, wholesalers and customer service systems.

Urban shrinkage is a natural phase in the life cycle of industrialized cities that occurs due to population decline. Most studies, however, overlook urban shrinkage in medium-sized cities. To address ...