Most operational amplifiers (op amps) have input and output electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection diodes, as shown in Figure 1. These diodes are designed for protection from ESD damage during ...

A subject rarely found in circuit design textbooks is the matter of nonlinear junction capacitance, especially reverse-bias junction capacitance, also called depletion capacitance. When it is ...

Once an engineer has designed the audio circuit of an amplifier, it would be nice to think that most of their task is complete. However, from a system perspective, that is far from true. At the very ...

Branch-circuit conductors must have overcurrent protection in accordance with Sec. 240.4, and the overcurrent protection device rating must not exceed the rating marked on the appliance [Sec. 422.11].

A subject rarely found in circuit design textbooks is the matter of nonlinear junction capacitance, especially reverse-bias junction capacitance, also called depletion capacitance. When it is ...